Families and Young Children What Constitutes Effective Parental Discipline

Families and Young Children What Constitutes Effective Parental Discipline Foundation Good order in youngsters is consistently the craving of each parent and hence; guardians must know and learn techniques that comprise great control among their children.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Families and Young Children: What Constitutes Effective Parental Discipline? explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More In prompting guardians about adequacy, techniques for ingraining discipline in their youngsters the connection between the guardians and the kids, significance of good practices and outcomes of terrible practices are of extraordinary concern (Carey, 2003). The word discipline is received from a Greek word discipline, which can be deciphered as educating or teaching. The beginning periods of a child’s advancement are basic in the improvement of a youngster discipline and any qualities that a kid gets at this phase of improvement will be reflected in their adulthood (Powers, 1990). The motivation behind this examination i n this way was to explore how guardians can be viable in teaching their kids. The examination in this manner was an examination on the adequacy of the different strategies that can be applied in ingraining discipline among youngsters (Kohlberg, 1992). In this examination, the examination was done among kids beneath the young. What's more, the primary point of the examination was to research the adequacy of the various methodologies that are taken by guardians in training their kids. Great connection among guardians and their kids is a viable technique for advancing great control among youngsters (Papalia, 2006). Great conduct among kids requires an exertion from both the kid and the guardians and hence remunerating attractive conduct isn't just significant in empowering great conduct however it very well may be a successful device for ingraining discipline among youngsters. Discipline for awful conduct has consistently been believed to be an answer for terrible conduct among youngst ers. Be that as it may, whipping isn't a viable technique for teaching youngsters (crush Wolfe, 2008).Advertising Looking for report on instruction? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Synthesis The connection among guardians and their youngsters is a successful instrument of advancing great conduct. Kids can't be compelled to have great conduct and along these lines empowering great conduct among youngsters gets powerful in advancing great practices. Great connection between the youngster and the guardians guarantees offspring of their security and consequently advance their conduct (Wallis, 2003). Remunerating kids for good conduct is a compelling system of urging kids to carry on well (Sears Maccoby 1976). The guardians or watchmen must put forth an attempt in the advancement of good conduct among kids and thus remunerating kids for their great conduct is a technique that has been known to work. Albeit rebuffing youngsters f or the mix-ups they submit has been applied by numerous guardians, as a technique for advancing great conduct among kids the truth of the matter is that this strategy isn't viable. Proceeded with utilization of this strategy will likewise advance terrible conduct among youngsters. All things considered, it will solidify their reaction to any exertion implied at advancing great conduct that is it will make kids defy the power and their folks. Whipping is perhaps the greatest slip-up that guardians can make as a technique for advancing great practices among youngsters (McCord, 1996). Strategy During the examination, a few strategies were applied to gather and break down the information with the principle point of creating a thorough report on youngsters conduct. The subjects of the examination were guardians, kids beneath young and attendants allocated with the job of dealing with kids in kids homes and homes of individual guardians. The examination was isolated into two sections wher e the main investigation was to concentrate on reaction from youngsters and the subsequent part was to concentrate on the parent’s side of the story. In this examination, the information assortment devices that were applied were surveys, meets and direct perception. These apparatuses were applied on the two periods of the examination as per their reasonableness. In the main period of the examination, guardians and sitters were given polls, which they were relied upon to fill and hand back to the field questioners inside one day.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Families and Young Children: What Constitutes Effective Parental Discipline? explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The polls utilized had organized inquiry where some were open-finished inquiries while others were shut finished inquiries. These inquiries were structured so that they could give us adequate data that was required in the examination. The inquiries in the polls were struc tured such that they tended to the interests of both the guardians and the youngsters. The inquiries along these lines enquired about the strategies that guardians and watchmen believe are powerful in advancing great conduct among kids. The inquiries additionally researched on how kids see the control estimates applied by their folks and gatekeepers (Pantley, 2007). Perception was additionally another compelling device that was utilized in the examination. During the investigation, our hands on work delegates should choose a contextual investigation, which should be a home or a child care focus. The delegates at that point went through around one day in this chose place and completed a perception on the conduct of youngsters and on their reaction from different disciplinary estimates that were applied by their gatekeepers. The field agent likewise saw on the connection between the youngster and the parent or the gatekeeper when a kid was rebuffed or was engaged with awful conduct. T he utilization of auxiliary assets was likewise applied as a technique for discovering thoughts regarding the exploration issue. The optional sources used to discover the data that were required in the investigation were books, magazines, and diaries, which were acquired from the library assets. Every individual from our gathering was included effectively in recognizing and finding these recourses (Wendkos-Olds, 2006). In the examination, the information gathered was recorded in tables and different boundaries were doled out as indicated by the exploration discoveries. The information was then investigated utilizing factual programming SPSS to assess mean, middle and the difference. Results In the examination, the discoveries were that youngsters who had great relationship or the individuals who accepting their folks as their companions had great practices. Guardians who didn't have great connection with their kids utilized improper strategies to train their kids. Youngsters who wer e compensated for acceptable practices by their folks or watchmen would do well to practices than the individuals who were not remunerated. Youngsters who were continually rebuffed for a specific awful conduct were bound to rehash a similar mix-up than the individuals who got advising. Guardians who applied beating as a strategy for managing youngsters who got out of hand didn't have great connection with their kids when contrasted with the individuals who didn't rebuff their kids. Kids feared discipline. Guardians utilize flogging on their youngsters as the last other option. Conversations Good connection among kids and their folks or watchmen is a known successful technique that can be applied in advancing great practices among youngsters. In the examination, there was an immediate connection between's acceptable conduct in youngsters and solid connection among kids and their folks (Salkind, 2006).Advertising Searching for report on instruction? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More The motivation behind why kids who have great relations with their folks acted well is on the grounds that such kids trusted in their folks and they had faith in their folks as their aides and guides (MacDonald, 2000). In the examination, it was discovered that youngsters who were remunerated for acceptable practices are probably going to carry on severely later on (Sears Maccoby, 1976). Kids learn through impersonations and consequently, remunerating youngsters for good practices are a motivating force that has been known to work. Then again, kids who needed motivating force for good conduct didn't see the purpose behind proceeding with great conduct and at long last; they acted seriously (Straus Donnelly, 2001). Albeit most guardians and watchmen have the possibility that beating is a device for disheartening terrible conduct in kids it doesn't work in the long haul. In a report discharged as of late less that, 59% of pediatricians suggest it (McCormick, 1992). Youngsters who are c ontinually rebuffed for submitting a specific mix-up become used to the discipline and thusly toward the end they quit reacting to the discipline and get out of hand continually (Garmezy Rutter, 2003). End Good conduct in kids is a significant factor in their turn of events and in building solid connection among them and their youngsters. Rebuffing kids for terrible conduct is a transient arrangement or technique for managing awful conduct among kids. Despite the fact that setting up great connection among guardians and their kids don't have quick outcomes it is a decent strategy for guaranteeing great conduct among youngsters in the long haul. References Carey, S. (2003). The entire youngster: Rrestoring miracle to the craft of child rearing. Oxford. Rowman Littlefield Publishers, Inc. Garmezy, N., Rutter, M. (2003). Stress, adapting, and advancement in kids. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Kohlberg, L. (1992). Advancement of good character and good belief system. New York, NY: Russell- Sage Foundation. MacDonald, A. (2000). P

Entrepreneurial characteristics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Enterprising attributes - Essay Example Enterprising attributes By investigating the attributes and abilities of business visionaries, I have a superior comprehension of what qualities a business person ought to have. He doesn't need to be a daring individual yet should believe in himself and have great initiative characteristics. To do this, he/she needs to have a dream, showcasing abilities, great relational abilities, monetary aptitudes, great time the executives abilities, authoritative aptitudes and furthermore initiative aptitudes. The sort of business visionary relies upon the sort of qualities, conduct or characteristics that he/she has. These traits assume an incredible job in deciding the sort of abilities controlled by the business person. For instance, an individual who is fearless, powerful, a great audience, rousing has the showcasing abilities required to sell the business and its items. There are different hypotheses that attempt to clarify the character of people or business visionaries, for example, the initiative speculations, self-effectiveness hypothesis, effectuation hypothesis, social and correspondence hypotheses among others. The paper will talk about these hypotheses in attempting to clarify the innovative qualities and furthermore the degree to which these attributes are found inside the scope of aptitudes that they ought to have. The self-adequacy hypothesis progressed by Albert Bandura depends on the confidence in oneself. Robbins and Judge (2010) decipher self-viability as the conviction that one has the ability to sort out and execute approaches that are required to accomplish determined objectives. People have various view of themselves; some elevated requirements of accomplishing a specific goal while others don't have faith in themselves subsequently they dread to start anything rest they fall flat. Self-viability in this manner decides how the business visionary seeks after objectives, assignments and difficulties (62). A fruitful business person ought to have fearlessness to have the option to set and accomplish objectives and furthermore to get others to have faith in what he/she is doing. The self-adequacy hypothesis is additionally founded on understanding. A great many people watch business visionaries firing up organizations and either succeeding or falling flat. Contingent upon what one watches, his discernment may change. For instance, on the off chance that one has understanding of watching somebody fire up a business and come up short, he may fear participating in such an endeavor. Individuals with high self-viability have the drive and inspiration to accomplish certain objectives and proceed regardless of whether the business isn't flourishing since they accept they can make it. Then again, those with low adequacy don't have the inspiration to begin a business however Robbins and Judge (2010) contend this is expected to permit a business visionary to study the business before wandering into it. The effectuation hypothesis progressed by Saras Sarasvanthy depends on the conviction that there exists a market which a business person ought to find. The business visionary for this situation has the information, abilities, and the assets expected to begin a business yet the inquiry is, would he say he is/she prepared to face c hallenges? A business visionary ought to along these lines have the option to face challenges since he is wandering into a business with a flighty future. Rather than computing the profits from the business undertaking, the individual can wander in any business and shape its predetermination (Sarasvanthy, 2008). In spite of self-adequacy hypothesis, one isn't impacted by watching others yet shows own drive into the obscure. The business person for this situation has such attributes as daring individual, imaginative, great in getting a handle on circumstances, conclusive, likes learning by doing, and is a group developer since his work includes building

How to Write an Informative Essay Outline

How to Write an Informative Essay Outline During their academic career, every student has to write an informative essay or, at least, some sort of this essay family, which includes a descriptive essay, a problem-solution essay, and others. The main goal of writing this type of essay is to inform or educate the reader on a particular topic. It means that you are actually not required to convince the audience that your assertion or opinion is correct; you simply need to provide them with enough information so that your reader could fully understand what you are writing about. Sounds like an easy task? However, that’s not the case! In fact, composing an informative essay is one of the most challenging tasks among all writing assignments students have to complete during their educational years. You need not only to strictly follow a certain essay structure but also to make your writing interesting for even those who are not familiar with your area of study. So the question is, how to succeed with such a task? Obviously, you need to create a really good informative essay outline first. Do not worry if you don’t know where to start! Your Writers are here to provide you with all the required information on how to write an informative essay outline! Guide on writing an outline for informative essay Just like with any other essay type, an informative outline essay format includes three main parts: introduction, body, and conclusion. However, before to actually start writing down the main points on each of them, you need to complete several other important steps. This is where the following guide on writing an informative essay outline may come in handy! 1. Choose a topic. Since an informative essay is intended to educate your audience about a particular topic, to choose the right one is crucial. Start with brainstorming ideas. Your aim is to find something you are really interested in and have much to say about. This will greatly facilitate your task. Once you come up with the subject for your essay, you need to formulate the topic. Please note that if you want to get a high grade, your topic should be fresh and relevant. Moreover, make sure, it is neither too narrow nor too broad. Remember, you are limited in words and are expected to write only to the point without filling in the gaps with unnecessary information. 2. Conduct research. To write an effective informative essay is all about providing your reader with only accurate information, which means that you need to conduct good research. Start with your school or college library. Do not hesitate to ask a librarian to help. Keep in mind that you may use not only books but also other credible sources of information, like scientific journals, encyclopedias, government publications, and even some reliable websites. Another thing to consider is that you should take organized notes as you do research. This will help you later with citing the sources. Finally, do not waste your time on information that is not relevant to your topic â€" read only those sources you can really use in writing. 3. Build a thesis statement. Building a thesis statement is one more important step in creating a good informative essay outline. After all, you cannot organize your thoughts well without the complete understanding of the main idea of your writing. Like any other academic paper, this type of essay requires a strong and clear thesis that addresses all parts of the set question. Moreover, it should offer some original insight instead of repeating other people’s ideas. However, the trick is that at this stage of writing, you can use a working thesis and rewrite it after your draft is complete if necessary. More free time? Better grade? Click on this button nowOrder Now 4. Structure your informative essay outline. Once you know exactly what to write about, have several credible sources on hand, and develop a sound thesis statement, you can start writing an outline for your informative essay. As it has been already written about, there are three major parts to be included: ? Introduction First of all, the introduction part of your essay should include a so-called hook intended to grab the attention of your audience and to introduce the chosen topic. This may be a shocking fact, an anecdote, interesting statistics, or a relevant to your subject quote. Further, you should provide some background information to help your reader understand why you have selected this particular topic. Finally, you should include your thesis statement. Write down the main ideas or keywords in your informative essay outline to use them later in writing. ? Body The body paragraphs should include the major facts you are going to cover in your work. Therefore, if you want them to be logically structured, you have to write down the main points in your outline. For example, if you have three main ideas supporting your thesis, you need to include, at least, one sentence for each of them. Once it is done, make sure your facts are truly accurate and can be confirmed by reliable evidence. Moreover, you also need to make sure that all of them are different and do not repeat the same idea. ? Conclusion In your last paragraph, you need to wrap up your essay and restate your thesis. Include these points in the outline for your informative essay. However, that’s not all. A really good informative essay should encourage the reader to look for more information about the introduced topic. Think about it and write down some ideas on how to make your reader even more interested in what you are writing about. Once you complete the informative essay outline, you are ready to actually start writing your paper. Most likely, it will seem rather challenging for you at first, but if you take it all step by step, chances are you will write an effective paper able to bring you a high grade. Be sure, a good informative essay outline will greatly help you with that!

Vaccination Safety And Necessity Has Been Debated For Years

Vaccination safety and necessity has been debated for years. Vaccine supporters claim they are completely safe and necessary for everyone. People against vaccines question their safety and feel it should be a personal choice. While some vaccines are for personal safety, others are for the safety of society and should be given to the majority of people to avoid previously eradicated diseases from coming back and killing off thousands, even millions of people. Vaccinations are an asset to our healthcare and help to keep us safe from many deadly diseases, including polio, measles, tetanus and meningitis. Although most people think Edward Jenner was the first person to attempt a vaccination, this is not true. The earliest vaccinations started in the 7th century when snake venom was drank by Buddhists to try to gain immunity from snakebites. In 1796, Edward Jenner, a doctor in England, discovered he could give people immunity to smallpox by injecting them with material from cowpox lesions. Smallpox was a significant disease in most countries and killed millions of people in Europe and Mexico. Steps had already been taken to eradicate smallpox but it was Jenner who discovered using cowpox to immunize against smallpox as being the safest method. Using smallpox to create the vaccine was not safe so Jenner’s idea helped to save many people. This was the beginning of developing vaccines to keep people safe from diseases that were capable of wiping out entire populations. ThisShow MoreRelatedVaccination Informed Parental Choice : Vaccination Essay1614 Words   |  7 PagesVaccination †¦Informed Parental Choice The recent measles outbreak occurring at Disneyland in December 2014 became widespread news and rekindled an ongoing debate of childhood vaccination. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which is the United States government agency responsible for the protection of Americans from health threats, there were 159 incidents of measles arising from this outbreak (â€Å"Morbidity and Mortality† 373). Considering this outbreak, it is not unexpectedRead MoreChildhood Vaccinations Should Be Mandatory Essay1607 Words   |  7 Pagesdebate of childhood vaccination. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which is the United States government agency responsible for the protection of Americans from health threats, there were 159 measles incidents arising from this occurrence (â€Å"Measles† 373). Considering this outbreak, it is not unexpected that the role of vaccination would come to the forefront. The CDC is presently advo cating 29 vaccinations for children through the age of six years old (â€Å"2016 RecommendedRead MoreChildhood Vaccination Rights And Risks2078 Words   |  9 PagesChildhood Vaccination Rights and Risks According to the Encyclopedia of Family Health, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention declared vaccinations to be one of the top on the list of 10 great public health achievements of the 20th century. Vaccinations have been extremely successful in eliminating and containing many deadly diseases, such as smallpox and polio, by providing the public with immunizations to keep themselves healthy against these very scary and potentially fatal illnessesRead MorePublic Health Achievements Of The 20th Century2140 Words   |  9 Pages643). Vaccinations have been extremely successful in eliminating and containing many deadly diseases, such as smallpox and polio, by providing the public with immunizations to keep themselves healthy against these very scary and potentially fatal illnesses. Mandated vaccinations for children in the united states has remained a highly debated and hot topic as many argue the freedoms of these children and their parents is being compromised by the n otion of mandated immunizations and vaccinations to attendRead MoreShould We Be Vaccinated For Annual Influenza Vaccinations?3314 Words   |  14 PagesIntroduction Vaccinations have been a topic of controversy among various populations for decades. The controversy exists around the decision to be vaccinated for certain contagious diseases or to omit receiving vaccinations for various reasons including those of medical, ethical, and religious derivation. The profession of healthcare faces a particular obstacle in regard to annual vaccinations against influenza. This review will discuss the following ethical debate: Is it ethical to mandate healthRead MoreVaccines Are Safe And One Of The Greatest Public Health Developments1789 Words   |  8 PagesFrom January 1st to April 24th of this year, 166 people from 19 different states and the District of Columbia were reported to have measles in the U.S. (â€Å"Measles Cases and Outbreaks, 2015). This recent outbreak has sparked a conversation in the media about whether or not parents should be required by law to immunize their children. Even though no mandatory federal vaccination law currently exis ts, all 50 states require children to be immunized before starting public school. However, all 50 statesRead MoreUnvaccinated Children: Should They Be Allowed Public Schools3722 Words   |  15 Pageswhose parents decide against vaccination from disease, should not be allowed enrollment in the public school system in America. History of Vaccinations Vaccinations themselves began their journey in the 18th century during a cowpox and smallpox experiment by a Dr. Jenner. His experiments were extremely primal, however, and from that point on the vaccine production rate and quality rose exponentially. In 1809 the first United States law requiring vaccinations for smallpox was written afterRead MoreThe Issue Of Animal Experimentation Essay3299 Words   |  14 Pages(Rotondi) AP Language 2 April 2015 â€Å"Something Cool† The issue of animal experimentation has been hotly debated in regards to many aspects of the problem, such as the rights of the animals and the beneficial results that come from animal experimentation. In the year of 1989, the United States Supreme Court ruled the first victory for pro-animal welfare in the Silver Spring Monkey case when seventeen monkeys had been held captive under inadequate living conditions, and were subject to experimentationRead MoreEnd Neglected Tropical Diseases Act2583 Words   |  11 Pagesworld. As Representative Christopher Smith of New Jersey sponsors and defends enactment of the bill, information in regards to the relevance of Neglected Tropical Diseases in comparison to current health care concerns are reviewed. While the bill has failed in a previous Congressional Session, it is necessary to support the enactment of this and related legislature in order to not only protect the general public, but those healthcare professionals caring for individual s affected by these diseasesRead MoreLas 432 Research Paper: Gmos20901 Words   |  84 Pagesa collaborative fashion; provide a detailed and informative report on the subject of Genetically Modified Organisms and the technology involved with it. Genetically Modified Organisms and its technology, although highly debated and a topic of discussion in recent years, has been around for decades. Within this report it details the history, and processes of this technology. A process that was once done naturally through nature and deliberate actions of farmers is now being taken to new levels with

Freud s Theory Of Instincts And The Individual Psyche

In Sigmund Freud’s â€Å"Civilization and its Discontents†, we are introduced to a new outlook in the way we view our lives due to his analysis of civilization and how it has affected our happiness. Freud uses his theory of instincts in order to explain what encourages us as well as how our behavior is all linked together and is motivated by our instincts. He explains why humans seek happiness and how it is one of the toughest things to achieve. Towards the end of his book he also gives an insight on how the individual psyche which consist of the id, ego, and super-ego leads us to feel guilt and its impact on civilization. Through his theory of instincts and the individual psyche, Freud is able to demonstrate how civilization has set limits to†¦show more content†¦The pleasure principles goal is to avoid pain, which Freud later states it is not always a good thing because the longer things follow the pleasure principle the happiness received begins to decrease and no longer has the same affect. Overall, this makes it harder for individuals to stay happy. Along with the pleasure principle, Freud states there are three main things that also make us unhappy which are our body, the external world, and our relations with others. And out of all these three, the worst comes from our relations with others, we hurt one another more than anything else on earth. Freud states, â€Å"happiness †¦ is a problem of the economics of the individual’s libido† libido meaning sexual desires, he demonstrates how an individual’s sexual desires and being able to fulfill them leads them to their happiness. At the same time, Freud’s use of libido can also represent a person’s desires and pleasures as a whole and not limiting itself to sexual pleasure. Libido connects to Freud’s theory of instincts. Freud believes that our instincts influence our behavior, and our behavior is caused by our desires. â€Å"Satisfact ion of instinct spells happiness for us’ , this implies that if our desires are satisfied, our behavior is better and we will be happy. However, there seems to be a problem when it comes to Freud’s theory of instincts and civilization. Freud states that civilizationShow MoreRelatedIs The Human Race?868 Words   |  4 Pagesetc†. Although civilization has a positive cognition, Sigmund Freud, a neurologist and initiator of the concept of psychoanalysis, acquainted civilization as being something inadequate. Thus, civilization enables the human race to feel genuine happiness by outlawing actions that come instinctively by our individual psyche. Freud argues that the human race was born inherently savage, meaning that each individual has inborn instincts that make them barbaric. In his book, Civilization and Its DiscontentsRead MorePsychoanalytic, Jungian, and Individual Psychology Theories Essay988 Words   |  4 PagesPsychoanalytic, Jungian, and Individual Psychology Theories When the word classical is used, images of things developed long ago with their traditional styles and ideas come to mind. They are perceived today as outdated and not as effective. Classical models of psychotherapy although deemed outdated, still have relevance in today’s practice of understanding human behavior. Psychotherapy is a science and art that was established back in the 1800’s with its own style and ideas. Classical modelsRead MoreSigmund Freud, Neurologist And Founder Of Psychoanalysis,1320 Words   |  6 PagesSigmund Freud, neurologist and founder of psychoanalysis, paved the way of dream interpretation with little competition or suspicion to his discoveries. That was until the rise of his former advocate, Carl Jung, began to challenge the founders beliefs. While working together, Jung and Freud explored the human mind and jointly agreed on the separation of the conscious and unconscious. Within the unconscious and dreams there was a mutual understandi ng of the need to identify and interpret symbols.Read MoreCarl Jung and Sigmund Freud1412 Words   |  6 PagesCarl Jung and Sigmund Freud Introduction Carl Jung (1875-1961) and Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) were two individuals whose theories on human personality would completely affect the way that people viewed the human mind. Carl Gustav was a practicing psychotherapist while Sigmund Freud created the discipline of psychoanalysis. The two men had seemingly identical beliefs about human behavior, but also had contrasting beliefs about concepts such as the ego, the psyche, and the state of unconsciousnessRead MoreTheories Of Personality And Psychology1382 Words   |  6 PagesPSY8100 CLIFFORD THEORIES OF PERSONALITY 3 (DEBATE EXISTENCE OF THE UNCONSCIOUS) Faculty Use Only Debate on Psychoanalysis vs. Behaviorism: Freud and Skinner Moderator: Good evening, and welcome to the Northcentral University?s debate on psychanalysis versus behaviorism. My name is Nisaa Kirtman and I am from the Department of Psychology. It?s an honor to be the moderator of tonight?s debate. The topic for tonight?s debate are the contrasts betweenRead MoreOne Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest1226 Words   |  5 Pagesspectacles of Sigmund Freud, esteemed Austrian psychologist. Freud’s highly regarded contribution to the study of the human brain and mind opens the curtains of the books reality. Things like mental illness and depression were not well known or understood traits for a person to have in Freud’s lifetime, those of which have heavy representation in Kesey’s story. One of Freud’s biggest theories is the â€Å"id†, the â€Å"ego†, and the â€Å"superego†. He believed that the â€Å"id† represents one’s instincts, â€Å"ego† representsRead MoreThe Unconscious Mind Is Not Some Black Hole Of Unacceptable Impulses933 Words   |  4 Pages†(â€Å"Unconscious†). The Unconsious is the place a large portion of the work of the psyche completes; it s the store of programmed aptitudes (, for example, riding a bicycle), the wellspring of instinct and dreams, the motor of much data handling. The unconscious mind shows the real intentions behind the mask.Freud added to a geological model of the psyche, whereby he depicted the components of the mind s structure and capacity. Freud utilized the relationship of an iceberg to portray the three levels of theRead MoreModernism Vs. Modernist Modernism1185 Words   |  5 Pagesthinkers such as Karl Marx and Sigmeud Freud played important roles in this ti me. Therefore, we discussed some of their more important works in class. For instance, you cannot study Marx thought without mentioning The Communist Manifesto. Similarly, Freud cannot be mentioned without his Outline of Psychoanalysis. Marx and Freud, after World War I, began to question the rationality of mankind. The difference being Marx focused primarily on political issues and Freud on psychology. Still, both were veryRead MoreEssay about Sexual Frustration in Alfred Hitchcocks Rope2778 Words   |  12 Pages On May 21, 1924, two highly intelligent university scholars from Chicago, Richard Loeb and Nathan Leopold, executed their highly-calculated plan for the cold-blooded murder of a distant relative of Loeb#960;s, 14-year old Bobby Franks. As students of Nietzsche#960;s philosophy, Loeb and Leopold had set out to commit the #8805;perfect murder#8804; in order to actualize the belief that they were of an elite group, superior to the common man, to whom the standard moral code did not applyRead MoreMarx, Mill And Freud s Critique Of Political Economy And The Communist Manifesto Essay1133 Words   |  5 Pagessometimes merely implicit) notions of freedom and unfreedom we find in the texts we have read by Marx, Mill and Freud. Use the esoteric traditions we have examined thus far (from the Book of Job to Plato) as a comparative yardstick, or point of reference, but without letting them take over the foreground in your paper -- the latter should be reserved for these three figures. Karl Marx, Sigmund Freud, and John Stuart Mill are three authors who tackle the topic of freedom in unique ways, but their messages

History About Death Free Essays

Death, the inevitable aspect of life. Many think that death is a portal to another realm, others think that it is the end of all life and existence. Me, on the other hand, like to think of death as a motivation factor. We will write a custom essay sample on History About Death or any similar topic only for you Order Now A reason to keep pushing and moving on, a reason to stay healthy, a reason to correct yourself. It may sound weird, but when you hear of people dying from new things, doesn’t it give you a sense of awareness about the world that you live in. If someone dies from a staying on the phone for long periods of time, wouldn’t you measure the amount of time that you spend conversing tit friends? Death is powerful, death may be the only thing on earth that can change the earth. The power of death is remarkable, it is the only thing that you have no choice in, if it’s your time, then it’s your time, no re-runs or asking for second chances, you’re gone, no questions asked. Death is the hardest when it hits the ones that you love and adore. When death hits those close to you, you do not understand, you attempt to deny it and you get unsettling rage within yourself not understanding why you couldn’t be with that loved one. On the other hand, if you’re a more mature individual, then when a loved one dies, you accept the fate of the passing, you don’t dwell on the fact that they are dead, but you dwell on the life that they lived, and think about what they would want you to do in their memory. If you accept death in that manner, you will use it as a motivation factor. A factor that when you feel like giving up, you won’t because in your head you hear the voice of your deceased loved one telling you to not stop. Death is a major factor in the progress of society. If it wasn’t for the deaths of any legends and idols, our world wouldn’t have progressed to the point that it has. America gained its independence in a war, then slavery was abolished because of a war, and Germany, Italy, and Japan could not control the world as they desired because of English, American, and Russian soldiers putting their lives on the line during World War 2. If it wasn’t for 9/1 1 America’s National Defense wouldn’t be as strict and powerful as it is today. If it wasn’t for people passing away from cancer and Stud’s, scientist and doctors wouldn’t have founds cures for future interactions with he diseases. Because no one wants to die, it promotes everyone to do whatever they can to stay alive longer, thus promoting the progress of our world. The most difficult interaction that I had with death is when I was in 8th grade and my aunt passed away. Her passing made me understand that death is real and that anyone can die. Everyone has those role models in their lives that seem to live forever, and when they die, your heart is torn apart and it takes time to rebuild it. My aunt was so loving. She had charisma, love, and was very friendly to everyone she came in contact with. She was my grandfather’s sister, and she was like a grandmother to me, she spoiled me, and did everything for me, and when she passed it tore a piece of me out of my body. I went into a dark vibe, I cut myself from society and I had to take time to find myself. One day I told myself that she wouldn’t want me to be down and out, she would want me to work hard and stay strong for her. I love her and my love for my aunt, motivates me, and will continue to motivate me all the way though my entire life. Part of death. Many people live their lives in fear of death, but in all reality, death is unavoidable, you cannot run from it. Although there are violent and peaceful ways to die, death is still going to occur. When your heart stops and your brain ceases to flow, your dead, and you cannot take it back. That is why you should live your life to the fullest, with no regrets, and with happiness, so that when it is your turn to die, you would’ve made such an impact on the world that you live in that you don’t have a funeral, you have a celebration, celebrating the life that you lived, and that you have inspired and motivated someone to keep going on, working hard on the road to success. How to cite History About Death, Papers

Their Eyes Were Watching God Essays (718 words) -

Their Eyes Were Watching God How far can you see? Way, way off in the distance? But there is one sight always at the end of your vision: the horizon. Doesn't matter how far North, South, East, or West you go you are never going to get past the horizon. In the book Their Eyes Were Watching God, by Zora Neale Hurston, a lady named Janie searches for self and her place in the world. Throughout the book the concept of the horizon comes up, both figuratively and metaphorically. The horizon represents the ultimate goal, never to be reached, it contains everything we ever wanted, only some of which we can receive. The horizon symbolizes what people want and the ships on it symbolize our individual hopes and dreams. Hurston opens her book with the following paragraphs: Ships at a distance have every man's wish on board. For some they come in with the tide. For others they sale forever on the horizon, never out of sight, never landing until the Watcher turns his eyes away in resignation, his dreams mocked to death by Time. That is the life of men. Now, women forget all those things they don't want to remember, and remember everything they don't want to forget. The dream is the truth. Then they act and do things accordingly. (p.1) Here is the first instance of the horizon in the text. Although the narrator is unclear at this point there is still a definite voice talking. This voice seems to be the ultimate voice of reason and only pops up periodically in the story. The message is a little easier to discern. The ships represent hopes and dreams in the story, where the horizon is the ultimate goal, never to be reached. "That is the life of men." Men concentrate solely on the dreams themselves, never satisfied until they have accomplished whatever it is the goal which they have set out to reach. Women, however, know that it is not where you end up, but what you gain from the journey, that counts. The women can live without the fulfillment of their dreams as long as they gained something trying to get there. Another quote comes when Janie has just come to grips with the fact that marriage doesn't cause people to fall in love. Our "narrator" states, "Janie's first dream was dead, so she became a woman." (p.24) This quote goes along with the previous one. Janie became a woman, a person willing to except the loss of a dream and move on, knowing that something was gained in the process. The "horizon" claimed one of Janie's dreams, she would never be able to reach it. The horizon represents dreams, goals and hopes, but how does one reach it? Janie decides that the only way for her to reach her goals is to go out and experience life. Janie talks to Pheoby about her ideas for her future. Janie states, "Dis ain't no business proposition, and no race after property and titles. Dis is uh love game. Ah done lived Grandma's way, now Ah means tuh live mine." Janie's grandmother represents the voice of society, wanting her to be prim and proper. Janie reels from society's ideas and instead decides to go on her own instincts. Janie realizes that in order for her to reach her dreams she has to live life in her own way. At the very end of the story, Janie looks back at her life and is content. Janie states, "Here was peace. She pulled in her horizon like a great fish-net. Pulled it from around the waist of the world and draped it over her shoulder. So much of life in its meshes! She called in her soul to come and see." Janie tells us that she has reached her horizon, she was there and back and can tell us the tale. "She pulled in her horizon like a great fish-net." Janie has reached her goals in life and can carry them around in her mind. Janie gives us a message of hope, that we can achieve our goals if we so desire. So the horizon is there, at the end of sight, taunting us. Waving what we want in front of our faces and sticking it's tongue out in a grin. But this is only half the story. Hurston shows us with her story that we can achieve our goals. The horizon is there to be reached, not to be forbidden. The horizon becomes

The Relationship between Landlord and Tenant within Ireland Essay Example

The Relationship between Landlord and Tenant within Ireland Essay Example The Relationship between Landlord and Tenant within Ireland Essay The Relationship between Landlord and Tenant within Ireland Essay In this essay, I shall discuss the nature of the Landlord and Tenant relationship in Ireland. I will examine the aspects of a Lease from both sides of the relationship and cover the rights of the landlord and tenant under the relevant legislation. In my final chapter I will evaluate how the personal relationship between the landlord and tenant has evolved thought out time with the passing of legislation. Leases have always been a popular way to regulate the relationship between a landlord and tenant over the rights of land. Whether it be families looking for a long term stay or tudents searching for accommodation for nine months of the year. Leases are landholding arrangements in which the tenant receives a proprietary interest in the property and the exclusive possession of itl . Should the tenant have his rights infringed by the landlord, the tenant may seek court assistance to assist his rights under the lease, or since the creation of the PRTB2, which was established by the Residential Tenancies Act3, alternate dispute resolution is available. The development of leases derives from the Landlord and Tenant Law Amendment (Ireland) Act 1860 which is commonly known as Deasys Act, which will be discussed t a later stage, where it was established that the relationship between a landlord and tenant was one based on a contract. Identification of a Lease A lease is a legal agreement that results in a tenant receiving a right to exclusively possess land and a proprietary interest on it4. Leases have a variety of different legal protection under relevant statutes for both landlord and tenant so it is important not to confuse a lease with another type of legal arrangement such as a licence. It is important to distinguish the two separate concepts. A licence may be terminated without notice, without cause and also unilaterally. A lease on the other hand needs to be terminated by Deasys Act or legislation that has followed, such as breach of condition or anti-social behaviour. An interesting and famous case on this issue is that of Irish Shell BP Ltd v Coste1105. This case involved a conflict over the existence of a landlord and tenant relationship or a mere licence. There was a contract, involving land occupation, paid on a periodic basis which allowed the alleged tenant to occupy the land. It was a complex case but the court held that no matter what the document passed between the two parties called their relationship, it was only what appened in reality that mattered. The petrol company argued that it was a licence and the defendant a lease. By the decision the Irish Courts indicated they would remain in favour of the practical relationship presented before them rather than the relationship detailed in the contract. The Irish Courts prefer to make their decisions based on four headings6: 1 . Construction of the agreement 2. Intension ot the parties as interred trom their words and actions 3. Exclusive possession on the part of the tenant 4. The payment of rent Construction of the Agreement As a result of the courts commitment to perusing the true nature of the relationship between the parties, the decision as to whether or not a lease exists will essentially be a matter of construction and a court is empowered to treat that which is called a licence as a lease where appropriate7 . Therefore while the parties will place a label upon their relationship, be it a lease of a licence, it will not automatically result in the court finding that said relationship is in fact a lease or a licence. The placing of the label on the relationship merely discloses prima facie evidence of the intension of he parties. Where there is no written agreement between the parties the court will engage in construction of their words and conduct8. Intension of the Parties While all contracts have the prerequisite of the parties intension to create a legal relationship, in the contract of a lease, the courts are concerned with an intension to create a specific type of legal relations, for example landlord and tenant. The courts will try to assess whether, in its everyday operation , the relationship between the parties is more akin to a lease than a licence9. However, as we have seen the courts re willing to discard such labels if they find the actual operation of the relationship to contradict the label. This was reiterated by the Supreme Court in Gatien Motor Company v Continental Oil Company of Ireland Ltd10. Exclusive Possession A key factor of the landholding relationship is whether or not the holder of the land has been give exclusive possession of the property. Exclusive possession is essential to the existence of a lease, but it is not determinative of a lease11. In other words a lease is useless without exclusive possession but on the other hand exclusive ossession does not void a licence agreement between parties either. When dealing with landlord and tenant, the term, not only gives the tenant the capacity to use and enjoy the land but also to exclude the landlord or anyone else from the property if he so wishes. The English case of Street v Mountford12 is an important case in this jurisdiction. Here, the House of Lords held that, apart from in exceptional circumstances, where residential accommodation is offered and accepted with exclusive possession for a term at rent, theresult is tenancy thus placing exclusive possession at the heart of the assessment. The Street case was decided in relation to residential accommodation but the latter case of London Associated Investment Trust Plc. v Carlow13 extended it to commercial properties. Payment of Rent It is stated in s. of Deasys Act that the payment of rent is a characteristics of a lease but it does not however, make it clear if rent is a requirement of a lease. There is a certain authority from both Irish English Jurisdictions that a gratuitous lease is accepta 4 For the purposes ot the Irish Courts it was stated by Kenny J, dissenting in Costellol 5 that rent is essential for the creation of the relationship of landlord nd tenant. Formation of a lease The general conditions for the formation of a lease can be found in s. of DeasVs Act 1860. S. 4 states: every lease or contract with respect to lands whereby the relation of landlord and tenant is intended to be created for any freehold estate or interest, or for any definite period of time not being from year to year or any lesser period, shall be by deed executed, or in writing signed by the landlord or his agent thereunto authorised in writing Along with section four, landlord and tenant relationships can be created in law by means of assignment16, sub-lease17, implication18 and equityl 9. Termination of a lease A common form of termination of a lease comes in expiry, this occurs when the tenancy id for a fixed term and upon reaching the end of that time period the landlord and tenant relationship naturally comes to an end. If the tenancy is of a periodic nature or a tenancy at will a notice to quit is required, otherwise it will continue indefinitely. A notice to quit can be served by either party of the lease or by any person who has been authorised to serve such notice. In relation to agricultural land, residential tenancy20 and houses21, the notice must be in writing, although it is ommon place for notices to quit to be delivered in writing, whatever the premises involved. In general at common law, a periodic tenant should receive notice equivalent to one period of the tenancy, e. g. a weekly tenant would receive a weeks notice. However, the Residential Tenancies Act 2004 has now introduced statutory notice periods for all residential leases22. For example, under the 2004 Act if the tenancy duration is under a period of six months the notice that needs to be given, by both the landlord and the tenant, is twentys of where such an action might arise would be a tenants breach of condition of the lease which may lead to the paying of compensation or the owing of rent. In order to carry out a valid forfeiture there are certain legislative requirements which need to be followed. Commonly, cases of forfeiture require the landlord to serve the tenant with what is known as a section fourteen notice24. The effect of s. 4 is to give the tenant an opportunity to consider if he wants to maintain the lease and avoid forfeiture by righting the breach that lead to the issuing of the notice. Section 14 consists of: (1) The basis (or multiple basis) of the forfeiture and, if applicable, a requirement to remedy the breach although the form of the remedy is not specified and is a matter for the tenant, and (2) a demand for reasonable compensation; and (3) a notice of termination by forfeiture for failure to remedy the breach and provide reasonable compensation within a reasonable time ot the service ot the section 1 notice. The reasonableness of the prescribed time period will be entirely dependent on the circumstances If following the serving of the notice, the breach has not been remedied or if the compensation or rent owed has not been paid then the landlord is entitled to re- enter the premises, and in the process forfeiting the lease. The re-entry can be physical or legal, but the service of the notice without re-entry is not sufficient to forfeit the lease25. Tenants can apply for relief from forfeiture; such relief could be granted either under s. 14 or by means of an equitable remedy such as an injunction26

Creating Your Own Lesson Plan Calendar

Creating Your Own Lesson Plan Calendar It is easy to become overwhelmed when you begin planning units of study and individual lessons for a school year. Some teachers  start with their first unit and continue until the year ends with the attitude that if they didnt complete all the units then thats the way life is. Others try to plan their units in advance but run into events that cause them to lose time. A lesson plan calendar can help by giving a realistic overview of what they can expect in terms of instructional time.   Materials Needed: Blank CalendarSchool CalendarPencil Steps for Creating  a Lesson Plan Calendar Get a blank calendar and a pencil. You dont want to use pen because you will probably need to add and erase items over time.Mark off all vacation days on the calendar. I generally just draw a big X right through those days.Mark off any known testing dates. If you dont know the specific dates but you do know in which month testing will occur, write a note at the top of that month along with the approximate number of instructional days you will lose.Mark any scheduled events that will interfere with your class. Again if you are unsure of the specific dates but know the month, make a note at the top with the number of days you expect to lose. For example, if you know that Homecoming occurs in October and you will lose three days, then write three days at the top of the October page.Count up the number of days left, subtracting for days noted at the top of each month.Subtract one day each month for unexpected events. At this time, if you want, you can choose to subtract the day before va cation begins if this is typically a day that you lose. What you have left is the maximum number of instructional days you can expect for the year. You will be using this in the next step.Go through the Units of Study necessary to cover the standards for your subject and decide the number of days you think will be needed to cover each topic. You should use your text, supplementary materials, and your own ideas to come up with this. As you go through each unit, subtract the number of days required from the maximum number determined in step 7.Adjust your lessons for each unit until your result from Step 8 equals the maximum number of days.Pencil in the start and completion date for each unit on your calendar. If you notice that a unit would be split by a long vacation, then you will need to go back and readjust your units.Throughout the year, as soon as you find out a specific date or new events that will remove instructional time, go back to your calendar and readjust.

Product Strategy, Pricing, and Distribution Research Paper

Product Strategy, Pricing, and Distribution - Research Paper Example Product strategyAspirin as an external and internal analgesic is an example of OTC substance that is approved in the United States and manufactured by Bayer. The products strategy of Bayer Aspirin is that they sell their products through retail channels. They aim at attracting and retaining customers by appealing to them to continue using the products in case it works for them (Rogers, 2001). The company boasts of the best and most effective external and internal analgesic. In the introduction state of product lifecycle, Bayer aspirin is promoted so as to create awareness using skimming price strategy. In the growth strategy, the company has increased its advertising costs to outdo the generics. The company promotes the brand name version of the product to compete the competitors with similar offerings. In the maturity stage, the company’s sales stabilize and the company uses more widespread promotion to remain in the market. While in decline stage, Bayer has introduced new mo re innovative products. The company also improves profit by lowering marketing spending. Aspirin has a brand name Bayer Aspirin which has not been changed since 1899. The company has spent millions of dollars to build this trusted brand image which has helped them in attracting and retaining many customers. Though the brand-name aspirin versions are costier than generics, the company still has high sales volume due to loyal customers.Being a high-end provider, Bayer Inc includes distribution factors in its pricing decisions.

Social Security Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Social Security - Research Paper Example This paper supports the view that social security should not be privatized. Supporting points The very first reason not to privatize social security system this will hinder the realization of the social security objectives and goals. This implies that over the next forty seven years, privatization is likely to reduce the benefit levels by 44% as compared to the level of 2005 (Max, 2005). In addition, Max, (2005) tells us that implementation of privatization system is expensive. The costs that would be spent in the changeover process when coming up with new personal account and continuing to offer benefits to recipients of social security would require about $2 trillion. Privatization of social security will as well hurt the economy. As pointed out by Orszag and Diamond (2005) this is because the high costs would be involved in the privatizing the accounts are likely to reduce the growth of economy (Orszag and Diamond, 2005). This implies that social security fund would be destabilize d. Centralized deficits and debts will increase as a result of privatizing social security. These are likely to reduce long-term growth of the economy and the amount of the funds that is available for retirement of booming new generation. The Center on Budget and Policy Priorities carried out an analysis which showed that the President’s proposal was to add $1 trillion in the new federal budget while implementing privatization in the first decade. The following decade was to use 3.5 trillion and much more trillions afterward. Accordingly, this would hurt the economy badly as noted by Orszag and Diamond (2005). The fact that particular insurance covers such as disability and survivors insurance which are offered by social security will decline when the private accounts become operational is a notable reason to oppose privatization. As explained by Max (2005) privatizing social security also means that retirement funds are put on the stock market. This weakens the system of nat ional retirement through potentially risky savings. The retirement savings are moved from a simple and an easy structure into a complex structure of investment that has a portfolio and shares of stock market which are not easy to understand and more risky to deal with. In addition, disproportionate returns are created by private accounts because individuals with higher income have more money and their risks for investment yields are higher as compared to workers who have low and moderate income. Some countries have witnessed negative effects of privatizing their national retirement schemes. For example, in the United Kingdom, the private retirement account started in 1988 and averagely 43% of the return on their investments is spent on marketing fees and management costs (Krugman, 2004). This means much of fund which is supposed to benefit contributors is used to run the privatized social security system. Such a scenario should be avoided completely. In his argument against privatiz ation of social security Max (2005) warns that during an economic crisis, privatization is very disastrous to people who make their contributions to the social security. The households lose most of their properties when there is an economic crisis because their investments are traded on the stock exchange. Banks are enriched by

Emotion Equally Moral

Emotion Equally Moral ARE REASON AND EMOTION EQUALLY NECESSARY IN JUSTIFYING MORAL DECISIONS? Since the birth of human onto this earth, reasons and emotions are frequently used by us to justify any decisions made. However, to what extent that both of them play an important role in making decisions? This raises some arguable questions concerning reason and emotion; are they really equally necessary? Equally important means both factors must be present and without any of the factors which are reason and emotion, the decision cannot be justified. With that, I would say that reason and emotion have the same significant important role in justifying moral decision. Both of them work together to drive us in our daily life so the decisions made will be the best for the sake of human being. Thus, this essay will consider the equal role of reason and emotion in justifying moral decisions. First of all, how this two ways of knowing works together. Reason is the ability to think logically regarded as a basis for knowledge, while emotion is a strong feeling towards what you believed in and influencing behaviors. Reason and emotion are equally necessary in ethic as in justifying decisions emotion will be the catalyst for the next process which is reasoning. Rachel Carlson in his quote says, â€Å"If facts are the seeds that later produce knowledge and wisdom, then the emotions and the impressions of the senses are the fertile soil in which the seeds must grow†. As example, the news of natural disaster of Cyclone Sidr in the southern part of Bangladesh because of the global warming effect, the picture of 273,000 houses were destroyed and 650,000 damaged and more than 3,000 people dead will emotionally affect the reader. Then, the emotions will tell us the sympathy to the victims of the disaster. It would stimulate the reason to the morality of the countries that let their factories released the gases that caused the global warming disaster. Here, the emotion is the catalyst for the reason to take place. However, without the reasoning, the information from the news cannot be organized and to sort out the news in the rational way. The emotion make the reader of the news felt sympathy to the victims of the cyclone and the reason makes sense of the emotion part and end up with the moral decisions of the news. As Joseph Cook aptly commented, â€Å"Conscience is our magnetic compass; reason our chart†. Even reason and emotion equally necessary in justifying moral decisions, somehow reason play more important role as it can explain certain things that cannot be explained by emotion. In justifying a decision, it must be reasonable and acceptable. Emotion can distract what is wrong and what is right because it depends solely on what a person sees and feel. Thus, reason must present in the process to justify and correct what emotion think of. As example, if a pregnant women wanted to have an abortion. On the emotion level, she might think that having a baby is a burden for her. She just wants fun from the sex but she refuses the baby. She wants to get rid of the baby so that she does not have to take care of the baby and continue with her previous life. Her immediate response is the option to abort the baby. At that particular time, it may be right for her to abort the baby. But then, the feeling of a mother declines her to do the abortion and the reasoning process began. She started to consider the debate, ‘it is killing, and the baby deserve a live. Perhaps she might consider that it was not the babys fault, so why should the baby take it. Or maybe she poss ibly will consider her religion not allow abortion. So, the reasoning process continues until the women can justify her decision to do the abortion or not. Here we can see both are equally significant. Reasoning comes from the emotion process but the emotion itself cannot justify the decision that going to make. Thus, one cannot take place without the other. However, in this so-called civilization era where the cost of living is increasing, the option to abort the baby will be the most suitable choice for most of the people. Their reasoning brought them to that kind of decision because they claim having a baby will cost them a lot and they cant afford it. Even though they will feel it is a cruel action through their emotion, but it does not prevent the mother to abort that baby. In view of the fact that emotion is a feeling that is given form by a thought, it is usually bounded from the past experience that would influence the emotion that is created. If the past experience of the person is good, the person will have the good side of emotion or otherwise, the experience will end up with the bad emotion toward something. As a case in point, a person witnesses a horrible accident happened in front of his eyes. He can see the victims of the accident screaming for help. Very luckily, the person has some knowledge about the medical knowledge especially in emergency situation. However, because of the past experience where he failed to save a few lives after he gave the medical treatment, the person felt guilty and had the trauma. His emotion tells him not to help the victims as they would die because of him by justifying the action from his past experience. But then, he tries to reason his emotion; does it an appropriate action to let the victims that are really i n need for some help as he was able to help them? Does it worth him just to see them helplessly facing the end of their life? After a battle between his emotion and reason, in the end he might decide to help the victims. Even though in this example it is seen like reason is overpower emotion but actually they are equal. Someone may argue that reason is the cause that makes him to help the person. But in reality if his emotion is not stable enough or he did not have the confidence to help them but his reason push him to help, the probability that the victims would survive is low because he does not has the mental strength or something to inspire him to help them. This is just like what Winston Churchill has said, â€Å"Before you can inspire with emotion, you must be swamped with it yourself. Before you can move their tears, your own must flow. To convince them, you must yourself believe†. After his reason corrects his emotion or change the perception made by his emotion to inspire him, then he was able to help them. By looking at this example, it is clearly seen that reason has been plays the role the change the emotion of the person and the emotion has justified the decision that he going to make. Here, at first emotion stimulate the reason to work and in the later stage reason corrected and stimulates the emotion. Both of the factors play such equal role in justifying the decision as one might get it wrong without another one or perhaps the decision cannot be justified. There are some limitations where sometimes reason and emotion do not equal in making an ethical issue. This is frequently happen in the religious belief, field of works, and the level of knowledge of the person. In the religion such as Islam and Christian, bigamy (polygamy, adultery) is prohibited in those religions. Although a person wants to have more wives or having a little experience of sex before marriage which comes from his emotion, he cannot do that because of his religion. His reasoning will prevent him to do it as it is against the belief of him to his religion. In the field of work such as judge, emotion must be put aside to justify the verdict that going to make. A judge must only depends to the reason from the facts either the accused person is guilty or not. This is the situation where reason and emotion do not play equally necessary in justifying moral decisions. In conclusions, reason and emotion equally necessary in justifying moral decision, because emotion can change according to situation but reason will justify the emotion with logic and hence will drive us to the correct interpretation of the ethical issue. But, reason can only exist and be significant if and only if emotion exists. Emotion will be the catalyst for reason to work. In most of our life, we cannot deny the role of emotion and reason. However, other ways of knowing such as perception and language also can be important in justifying moral decisions but reason and emotion exist in the equal way to justify any moral decision that we make in our life. Therefore, reason and emotion are equally necessary in justifying moral decisions.

A Case Analysis of Cirque Du Soleil

Cirque Du Soleil is a company that has built its success on its ability to be creative and innovative. It has successfully developed a new market and continued to expand on that market. This makes Cirque Du Soleil an example of a company that has creativity and innovation at its base. The following paper will focus on Cirque Du Soleil as a creative and innovative company. It will consider its product and creative strategy. It will look at the structure of the company and how this enhances creativity. Finally, it will look at the threats facing Cirque Du Soleil and what the company can do to ensure its ongoing success. Cirque Du Soleil's product is a performing circus. The basis of the company is a show combining music, dance, and theater. The show uses acrobats, gymnasts, clowns, and other performers. The show also uses a type of music based on a created language. The purpose of the music is to transcend cultural boundaries and make the show accessible to everyone. The company's show is also multicultural in nature. It is designed to reach the widest audience possible. This is done by using the music that is not based on any real language. It is also done by using performers from around the world. The company is global and shows are performed throughout the world. Cirque Du Soleil has also expanded into other areas. This has included releasing two films and a television special. This has also included ventures in publishing and merchandising. Cirque Du Soleil also opened a permanent theater near Disneyland, Florida, in 1998, with the theater including a Cirque Du Soleil store. These expansions show that the company is diversifying in a creative way. The expansions are all based on ways to increase the value of the Cirque Du Soleil show. This shows creativity, not in creating new things, but in finding new ways to benefit from the basic product of the company. The organizational structure of Cirque Du Soleil is based on recognizing the value of the performers. The case study describes the former tour director Vincent Gagne stating that he always emphasized to tour staff that they were there to serve the artists. This shows that the artists are recognized as representing the value of the company. The other services then become support services. This is not a case where the artists are at the top of the organizational hierarchy. However, it is a case where the artists are recognized as delivering the service that allows the organization to succeed. Gagne also suggests a good metaphor for the organizational structure, which is that of a circle. The performers can be considered as being at the center of the circle. They do not have high positions or decision-making authority, however they are the basis of the organization. The support staff are in the next circle. They have greater decision-making authority, but their work is defined by their need to satisfy the performers. Several of the employees described in the case study are in this level and they all describe their work as being focused on the performers. Gange does this when he states that the tour staff and technical people have to realize that they are there to support the artists. The casting director for Cirque Du Soleil, Cantin, describes how she looks for performers based on whether they will be able to fit in at the company. This shows that the performers are central to the organization and to the decisions made. In the final outer layer of the circle are the upper management. They have the greatest decision-making authority, but they are also operating based on pleasing the performers. This structure supports creativity because it puts the creative people of the company as central to its functioning. At the same time, the decision-making being at higher levels allows the creative people to be free to create and be innovative, without having any concerns related to how the company functions. Another key part of the organizational structure is that it is informal. This is seen in the case study, where Gagnon describes the company as not having a handbook on employee conduct. It is also seen in the case study where Gagnon describes employees as being fired and then rehired. Gagnon also describes an employee newsletter where employee's uncensored comments are published. These all show an informal structure and an organizational culture that is based on employee freedom and low authority over employees. Schein (2003, p. 121) notes that a culture of freedom increases employee creativity. Daft (1997, p. 325) also notes that â€Å"many organizations today are becoming less formal in order to be flexible and responsive to a changing global environment. † In the case of Cirque Du Soleil, the structure has always been informal and this allows it to encourage creativity and be more flexible and capable of change. One of the key environmental challenges is related to the artists and performers. It has been noted that the artists and performers are central to Cirque Du Soleil's product. This makes ensuring the good performance of the artists a key concern. There are several factors that are risks for the company. The first is that the artist's may rebel against the company. The case study notes that this occurred in 1987 and 1988, when many performers rebelled over concerns that management was not doing what was best for them and that the company was not operating based on the original spirit of the group. As the company expands furthers, it seems reasonable that the performers may again feel that the company is not operating in the same spirit as before. This is especially likely to occur as the company becomes more focused on finances. This may lead to either artist rebellion again or to artists leaving the show. Another problem related to performers is the high injury rate. The case study notes that 37 injuries were listed for 57 artists three-quarters of the way into the United States tour of the show Dralion. This shows an ongoing problem that has the potential to reduce the quality of the show produced. Finally, the work of the performer is demanding, with the case study noting that many performers leave because they cannot handle the touring life. These problems related to the performers are critical ones for two reasons. Firstly, the performers are the basis of the company's product. Secondly, finding, hiring, and training employees is a considerable expense. This makes it crucial that Cirque Du Soleil find a way to manage employees effectively, while promoting their creativity. Another challenge that faces Cirque Du Soleil is based on one of its key success factors, which is its ability to offer a new and unique show that impresses the audience. There are two main reasons that this ability to astonish an audience may be lost. One of them is seen in the experience of the conductor at Cirque Du Soleil, Oberacker. Oberacker notes in the case study that he is not as highly impressed with the show as the audience is. He links this to his experience on Broadway and notes that he has seen more astonishing things. He also notes that the shows ability to impress is not based entirely on the artists, but on how it is presented with lights, costumes, and music all adding a larger sense of awe. There are two potential problems that this indicates. The first is that other companies may realize the success factors of Cirque Du Soleil and become direct competitors. Currently, theater companies, drama companies, Broadway shows, and operas are competitors in the entertainment market. However, they target a high social class and tend not to be accessible to the general public. Cirque Du Soleil is offering a similar product, but it is targeted to a more general audience. This leaves the possibility that the competitors mentioned above will adjust their marketing strategy and become direct competitors of Cirque Du Soleil. One source notes that this is a significant problem for companies that are based on one specific product (Kotler, Armstrong, Brown, & Chandler, 1998). This is true for Cirque Du Soleil since even though they have diversified into new areas, their basic product is the performance they offer. If other companies start to compete with similar shows, Cirque Du Soleil will lose a significant part of their market. The other problem is that audiences may become used to the show and its elements. If this occurred, the show would not create the same sense of astonishment in an audience. This is also related to the perception of the product. Perreault and McCarthy (2000) note that a product's success is not based on the product itself, but on how well it meets or exceed expectations. For the astonishment factor to be achieved, Cirque Du Soleil need to exceed the expectations of customers. With the excellence and quality of the show is generally recognized, this leads to increasing customer expectations. The end result is that Cirque Du Soleil has to constantly improve to remain impressive. To remain successful, Cirque Du Soleil has to manage creativity and continue to innovate. One change that may be required is to take the emphasis off the performance requirements of the show. The case study notes that the number of shows has increased. The question this raises is how Cirque Du Soleil can continue to create new shows that will have the astonishment factor. It is suggested that this could be achieved more successfully if the company limited the number of shows produced. This would create a demand for the product. This strategy takes into account that the success of Cirque Du Soleil relies largely on its image, where the show is recognized as something astonishing and unforgettable. If this quality is lost, the entire company will be at risk. This suggests that limiting the amount of productions would be effective. It would allow artists and performers to concentrate their creativity on creating one show of the highest quality. This strategy would also be an effective way of managing performance staff. Performance staff would be heavily involved in development and be the creative force for the new shows. With a significant amount of time available for development, performers could innovate, experiment, and develop new ideas. At the same time, their energy would be better directed into the shows because the demands would not be as high. Revenue could then be increased for Cirque Du Soleil by focusing more on merchandising and finding other ways to increase income. This focus is based on recognizing that Cirque Du Soleil's reputation makes it a brand, where a brand's value is not just based on a product or service, but based on a perception about the company overall (Reynolds, 2004). Cirque Du Soleil has a strong brand and could diversify by increasing the number of ways that additions are made to the brand. This would allow the company to continue to grow, but in a way that does not place additional demands on the basic performance product.

Leadership in the International Marketplace Essay

Leadership in the International Marketplace May 24, 2010 Abstract Caterpillar – the maker of earthmoving equipment such as bulldozers, along with excavators, graders and monster mining trucks – reported first quarter profits of 55 cents a share, up from a loss of 19 cents a share a year ago. The back-story of what they did, how they did it and most importantly – what they envisioned and changed a year ago – is the basis of this paper. This discussion will encompass the aspect of approaching and collaborating with developing countries and markets, and the role of rebalancing the global economy. Finally, this paper will provide a recommendation to address the current state of a recessionary U.S. market.†¦show more content†¦This would include lower labor or distribution costs (Suranovic, 2007). CAT saw their improvement stem heavily from surging demand in developing countries. The domestic market has all but evaporated; one can buy a ‘gently used’ bulldozer now for pennies on the dollar, so there is n o market for new equipment. The European market is sluggish as well, but the Asian market skyrocketed by 40 percent and Latin American markets rose by 7 percent (Caterpillar, 2010). Working partnerships across national boundaries and increasingly across industries are referred to as Global Strategic Alliances. Strategic alliances can also be formed between a company and a foreign government, or between companies and governments (Deresky, 2008). CAT has developed such partnerships and relationships with India, China, Brazil and a number of large and developing countries. However, such alliances do not come without criticism. Dislocating residents in India, mowing down the Amazon in Brazil and developing centuries-old farmland in Chine do not always garner support and harmony. 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Epilepsy A Common Disorder - 1938 Words

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In the central nervous system (CNS), the nerve cells become disturbed or agitated from their normality causing different behaviors to the person, and the loss of awareness or consciousness. The epileptic seizure can also cause muscle spasms, attacks, or different emotions. Every person has a different type of epilepsy seizure happening to them. Various people just stare and do nothing while others are twitching rapidly and cannot control it. Anyone that gets a seizure is going to be tested for epilepsy, being one of the top four neurological disorders. Epilepsy is extremely common all around the globe and the true cause has yet to be found after years ofShow MoreRelatedEpilepsy Is The Most Common Neurological Disorder1449 Words   |  6 PagesEpilepsy is the most common neurological disorder which has affected approximately 50 million people globally (1). It is estimated that 5 to 8 cases of epilepsy occur in 1000 people annually in developed countries (2). 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